[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/protekcionismus-versus-svobodny-obchod\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/protekcionismus-versus-svobodny-obchod\/","headline":"Protekcionismus versus svobodn\u00fd obchod","name":"Protekcionismus versus svobodn\u00fd obchod","description":"Proces sm\u011bny (natur\u00e1ln\u00ed, posl\u00e9ze pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed) bude v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva v\u017edy p\u0159edstavovat jeden z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f ob\u017eivy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 poslou\u017e\u00ed vedouc\u00edm \u010dinitel\u016fm jako \u00fa\u010delov\u00fd prost\u0159edek vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed moci. St\u00e1ty cht\u011bj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit tuzemsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl p\u0159ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed, a tak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed obchodn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry \u2013 celn\u00ed poplatky \u010di d\u00e1vky uvalen\u00e9 na dovoz, je\u017e zvy\u0161uj\u00ed prodejn\u00ed cenu takto zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty, stanovuj\u00edc\u00ed mno\u017estevn\u00ed omezen\u00ed dov\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch produkt\u016f<br><br><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/protekcionismus-versus-svobodny-obchod\/\">\u010c\u00edst v\u00edce<\/a>","datePublished":"2023-04-28","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"lnkm.cz\n","url":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/093836c6bc976bea6a4c3cd39f9136c261430c33201aa865249fef2be34e3fdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/093836c6bc976bea6a4c3cd39f9136c261430c33201aa865249fef2be34e3fdb?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"lnkm.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"url":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/protekcionismus-versus-svobodny-obchod\/","about":["Business"],"wordCount":650,"articleBody":"Proces sm\u011bny (natur\u00e1ln\u00ed, posl\u00e9ze pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed) bude v\u00a0d\u011bjin\u00e1ch lidstva v\u017edy p\u0159edstavovat jeden z\u00a0hlavn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f ob\u017eivy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 poslou\u017e\u00ed vedouc\u00edm \u010dinitel\u016fm jako \u00fa\u010delov\u00fd prost\u0159edek vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed moci. St\u00e1ty cht\u011bj\u00ed chr\u00e1nit tuzemsk\u00fd pr\u016fmysl p\u0159ed zahrani\u010dn\u00ed konkurenc\u00ed, a tak vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed obchodn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry \u2013 celn\u00ed poplatky \u010di d\u00e1vky uvalen\u00e9 na dovoz, je\u017e zvy\u0161uj\u00ed prodejn\u00ed cenu takto zat\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed, a tak\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty, stanovuj\u00edc\u00ed mno\u017estevn\u00ed omezen\u00ed dov\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch produkt\u016f vybran\u00fdch druh\u016f.\t\t\t\tKLADY PROTEKCIONISMU\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdrobci \u010del\u00ed men\u0161\u00ed konkurenci.\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 St\u00e1t zlep\u0161uje svou obchodn\u00ed bilanci; p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed tr\u017eby z\u00a0v\u00fdvozu.\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nov\u00e1 tuzemsk\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna do doby, ne\u017e se sta\u010d\u00ed pln\u011b rozvinout.\t\t\t\t\u00a0Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba vede k\u00a0roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed slu\u017eeb v\u00a0oblastech, jako je bankovnictv\u00ed, n\u00e1kladn\u00ed p\u0159eprava a poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Zam\u011bstnanost stoup\u00e1 a jednotliv\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed naj\u00edmaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly, aby dost\u00e1la n\u00e1rok\u016fm roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdroby a okruhu slu\u017eeb.\t\t\t\tZ\u00c1PORY PROTEKCIONISMU\t\t\t\t\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dal\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b mohou na takov\u00e1to opat\u0159en\u00ed reagovat obdobn\u00fdmi obchodn\u00edmi regulemi.\t\t\t\t\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u011bkter\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed mohou nab\u00fdt a\u017e monopoln\u00edho postaven\u00ed, potla\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed malov\u00fdrobn\u00ed produkci.\t\t\t\t\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tuzem\u0161t\u00ed spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 se musej\u00ed spokojit s\u00a0men\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdb\u011brem a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi cenami.ST\u0158\u00cdPEK z\u00a0HISTORIE: Slezsko pat\u0159ilo do prvn\u00ed poloviny 18. stolet\u00ed k\u00a0hospod\u00e1\u0159sky nejrozvinut\u011bj\u0161\u00edm oblastem habsbursk\u00e9 monarchie. Po prohran\u00fdch slezsk\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch v\u00a0letech 1740 \u2013 1742 a 1744 \u2013 1745 v\u0161ak 90 % \u00fazem\u00ed Slezska p\u0159ipadlo prusk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed. N\u00e1slednou celn\u00ed a obchodn\u00ed v\u00e1lkou mezi Pruskem a habsburskou monarchi\u00ed pak trp\u011bly ob\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti Slezska. Jeliko\u017e Prusko neplatilo a\u017e do vyhran\u00fdch slezsk\u00fdch v\u00e1lek za ekonomicky siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zemi, rozhodl se jeho kr\u00e1l Fridrich II. vyu\u017e\u00edt z\u00edskan\u00e9 slezsk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed jako odbyti\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrobk\u016f braniborsk\u00fdch dodavatel\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jej ekonomicky vyko\u0159is\u0165ovat pravideln\u00fdm zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm da\u0148ov\u00fdch v\u00fdnos\u016f. Ke zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby vede mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed obchodov\u00e1n\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00edm bez obchodn\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek. Sv\u011btov\u00e1 obchodn\u00ed organizace (WTO) usiluje od roku 1995 o odstran\u011bn\u00ed bari\u00e9r v\u00a0celosv\u011btov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku.\t\t\t\tV\u00ddHODY SVOBODN\u00c9HO OBCHODU\t\t\t\t\u00a0\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Spot\u0159ebitel\u016fm b\u00fdv\u00e1 k\u00a0dispozici \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed sortiment zbo\u017e\u00ed.\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ceny nab\u00edzen\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdvaj\u00ed \u010dasto ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed.\t\t\t\t\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Posiluje se specializace jednotliv\u00fdch zem\u00ed na ur\u010dit\u00e9 druhy slu\u017eeb.\u00a0Voln\u00fd obchod se prosazuje p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v\u00a0r\u00e1mci ur\u010dit\u00fdch seskupen\u00ed, nikoliv celosv\u011btov\u011b. Skupina zem\u00ed se sn\u00e1ze vz\u00e1jemn\u011b dohodne na odstran\u011bn\u00ed kv\u00f3t a cel, kter\u00e9 jsou nad\u00e1le uplat\u0148ov\u00e1ny v\u016f\u010di ne\u010dlensk\u00fdm zem\u00edm. P\u0159\u00edkladem je Severoamerick\u00e9 spole\u010denstv\u00ed voln\u00e9ho obchodu (NAFTA) Kanady, USA a Mexika. Evropsk\u00e1 unie je pak p\u0159\u00edkladem seskupen\u00ed, kdy se \u010dlenov\u00e9 dohodly na zru\u0161en\u00ed vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch celn\u00edch p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eek a vytvo\u0159ily spole\u010dn\u00e9 clo v\u016f\u010di ostatn\u00edm. Zde se vedle mo\u017enost\u00ed voln\u00e9ho obchodu rozv\u00edj\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e spole\u010dn\u00e1 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed, dopravn\u00ed \u010di zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 politika.\t\t\t\tNEV\u00ddHODY SVOBODN\u00c9HO OBCHODU\t\t\t\t\u00a0\t\t\t\t&#8211;\u00a0 V\u00fdvoz m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt postupn\u011b p\u0159ev\u00fd\u0161en dovozem. Ze zem\u011b jsou od\u010derp\u00e1v\u00e1ny finan\u010dn\u00ed prost\u0159edky ur\u010den\u00e9 k\u00a0platb\u00e1m za zahrani\u010dn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed.\t\t\t\t&#8211;\u00a0 Jestli\u017ee lze ur\u010dit\u00fd druh zbo\u017e\u00ed vyrobit v\u00a0jin\u00fdch destinac\u00edch s\u00a0ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1klady, dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u016fmysl m\u016f\u017ee d\u0159\u00edve \u010di pozd\u011bji narazit na konkurenci levn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch dovoz\u016f.\u00a0Roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00edc\u00ed se n\u00e1roky v\u00fdroby a okruh slu\u017eeb pozitivn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed na r\u016fst zam\u011bstnanosti ka\u017ed\u00e9 ekonomiky.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.9\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Protekcionismus versus svobodn\u00fd obchod","item":"https:\/\/www.lnkm.cz\/protekcionismus-versus-svobodny-obchod\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]